Generators:

Include Which essentially includes a synchronous generators include motors connected to the supply frequency above the running speed. They have no use producing or stressful stimulation until they are connected to an external source. Squirrel cage used for building small-scale power generation because it is, simple is strong and production is cheaper.
Fixed speed induction generator:

In fact a small speed generators include fixed speed generator connected with slip on the border runs. They receive power supply grid, and their excitement is only in parallel with the supply may run. When the line was, he grid, where they present their excitement but as an additional generator is useless when the power grid goes down right to return power to take. Restricted their limited speed limit possible applications.
Variable speed - self excited induction generator SEIG ():

Small-scale power generation systems are often stand alone applications, from grid power supply, wind and water power widely used as a source of energy for their unstable energy sources. Fixed speed is not suitable for applications that include the generator. Some form of self stimulation generators include variable speed is required as well as to optimize the power of their irregular voltage and frequency output are able to use practical.
Operation:

Self excitation of the generator is obtained by adding capacitors across the stator terminals. When an external prime mover, a small residual magnetism in the rotor due to current flow will be induced in the stator coils as driven by the existing duty reduction windings and capacitors. As the rotor turns, stator windings cutting the opposite direction of change as the remains of the magnetic field orientation changes with rotor will flow. In this case the current will be induced in the opposite direction will make the discharge capacitors. But at the same time machine to release the capacitors charge current increase will flow are strong. As the rotor and stator windings current turn to EMF induced growth will continue until steady state is attained in progress, machine, depending on the magnetic circuit saturation.

Voltage and current for the time this work was determined by peak value and frequency characteristics of the machine will continue to oscillate, in the air gap, slip, weight and capacitor size options. A combination of these factors than speed limit on the maximum and minimum limits set is self stimulation. Is usually small and the operating slip frequency limit depends on the speed of change operations.
If the generator voltage one way to make itself overloaded decline rapidly - will provide security.
Control Include one variable speed drive applications for generators need a converter or power supply grid determine the frequency of the variable frequency generator production optimization. During operation the controllable factors include a self-excited generator mechanical input from the prime mover is available in the affected production, so the system response is not responsible for effective control. Necessary to issue a controllable voltage and frequency, external AC / DC / AC converters are provided. A three-phase diode bridge three phase generator output voltage and frequency required for the thyristor inverter converts DC power from a DC link to provide the link current is used to correct.

DC generators Dynamos () Direct current (DC) Generator:
Stable region for AC generator can be modified as described above is one communicator with an appropriate current Unidirectional slip rings on the rotor shaft as a conductor to replace Horoscope by each half cycle to reverse connections north and south magnetic Optional pole passes. But now the tide of current as the one shown below rectifier as one half of the waveform will be a series of sinusoidal pulses.
Output voltage ripple can be reduced by using a multipole design.
Construction of a DC generator is similar to the construction of a DC motor.
Providing a sector electromagnet are of rotor excitation. Present in very large generators with rotor or stator case derived from a different rotation on the rotor shaft is provocative. The connection is through a commutator rotor, stator windings so that the direction of current in the direction of change as rotor poles alternate between north and south poles pass through the stator. Currently very low rotor current and stator windings is busy in summer's most heavily stator structure is compared with.

In self-excited machines, when starting from rest, currently working up electromagnets and the magnetic circuit around the small residual magnetism present in the electromagnets is drawn from.

Automotive Alternators A variable speed DC generator automotive production levels to a certain machine is AC.

Generators are typically excited turn on a machine. Instead of using an alternator by a DC one and its potential reliability problems can be avoided commutator generator use. However, current direct and addition is required to load in the car, including batteries, DC output voltage regardless of engine speed or load current must be constant. So one rectifier for charging system and a regulator designed to convert AC to DC engine speed to maintain the voltage generated within the limits will include independent.
Rotor is driven by engine and provides field excitation. Its speed is directly related to engine speed and the drive ratio gearing or pulleys depends. Stator is taken from current production.
Generally, a three phase alternators automotive machines compact design at the same time spread between the windings by three sets of stator windings and are able to reduce the present. This improvement gives the possible decrease in voltage ripple.

Construction A claw pole rotor and a rotor, which rotor electromagnet in the south of the North form two ends of poles. 'Claws' of each other effectively as a productive alternative north and south poles of the stator poles will spend between. Rotor with three auxiliary diode current active electromagnet stator windings is fed through which to improve it through two slip rings before a rotor passing through wire.
To move an existing magnetic field rotor poles associated with the stator windings as the current flows in the region over the stator conductors.
A complete three phase current wave of reform generated by alternator, the diode bridge circuit is a DC output yield. Engine alternator Alternator EMF directly (or is proportional to) the speed. But all is designed Alternator voltage, common as a 12 volt nominal 14.2 volts for lead acid batteries, and engine idle speed as the speed increases to maintain the level of the output voltage constant.

Voltage regulator DC output voltage to prevent battery from being overcharged for a maximum 14.2 volts to charge the battery should be kept below the specified voltage. The regulator's job is that if it senses alternator output voltage exceeds 14.2 volts reference voltage is provided by a Zener diode, the field (rotor) is in between the existing curve. Voltage drop of a region without current alternator begins. Falls below the reference voltage when the alternator voltage, current field once again at the desired level of output voltage to be supplied to maintain the wire.

This type of engine rotor speed limit receive a pulsed DC current to operate, install something by closing Rotor smoothed. Alternative design and a feedback current alternator load using pulse width modulation to provide a constant output voltage regardless of load control system provides monitoring of stator current.