Power Drive:

Special Purpose Motors Details (and application):

Motor Construction--> Special purpose design for solving a wide range of campaign issues has been developed. Some common examples are included here.

Integrated starter generator ISG:

Integrated electronic control electric starter mild hybrid vehicles (HEVs) in a machine used in the automotive starter and alternator generator combines. Traditional starter at one speed, high current DC machines, while a variable speed alternator 3 phase AC machine.

Application:

A four important task in the application ISG hybrid vehicle The "stop start 'function enables, off to save fuel into the engine when the vehicle is stable. The electrical energy generated electrical power is all helpful. It required a force to enhance engine support, such as small engine allows for display.

Some configuration of the regenerative braking energy recuperates. In a specific implementation (below), ISG has a small axis, large diameter "pancake"-shaped machine reluctantly closed the clutch between the engine and gearbox bell housing end of engine crankshaft directly mounted an operation.

ISG a bi - directional energy when powered by battery or generator powered by the engine as the motor is acting converter. A nominal voltage 42 kV system in HEV, which means that, as a 12 volt machine cranking for power only, current starter could be reduced.

Typically between 70 kilowatts of power throughput 5kW and a possible top 15 cold cranking . KW with power is to Over one complete rotation Brushless ISG machine design as well as the associated commutator and brush from the AC and DC machines and sliprings brush machine. Starter solenoid, Bendix ring (starter gear) and are also drive alternator pulley or gear is no longer needed because the high voltage system, and copper cable diameter is much less about weight. But come on cost savings.

System should be integrated with as many sub Thus An AC / DC converter output voltage generator to improve.

A DC / DC converter for the car power system supply voltages. Power Electronics and Software ISG, current voltage, speed, torque and temperature as appropriate to control. Automobile engine is an integrated power management, battery and brake systems integrate with. The building even bigger version is used in full hybrid electric vehicles.

Inert with an iron off its simple rotor reluctance machine is very strong, driven by high speed and engine compartment able to withstand the harsh operating conditions. History External rotor motors Many use the building design, most are for small size. Two examples of low power motors are shown below. High power version for "wheel used" motor vehicles are applying.

Inside motor These permanent magnet motors are being provided with a multi-pole magnets zone around the periphery of the stator windings take. Included in systems used for automotive wheel drive motors. Low power version of small cooling fan and direct drive turntables record players used.

Horoscope Motor Toroidal This "one of a permanent magnet toroidal wound rotor cup size include the external stator with" brushless permanent magnet motor is inside. Because of the low rotor inertia and friction-free, toroidal motor speed is capable of 25,000 RPM. Low power applications is used for this example to drive laser printer directly into the appropriate rotating polygonal mirror rotor are moving on. Linear Motors In most cases both the linear motor with flat stator and rotor partition and rolled out as a conventional rotary motor can be considered.

Apply the same electromagnetic forces and the AC and DC machines have been employed in similar orbits. Besides traction motor armature travel Motors is generally very low. Linear Step Motor The most common application is a step motor. DC pulsed with one track and Stator poles source excited by windings are fed.

Armature are held in the car to make permanent magnets. Much in the way of stator windings in response to pulses sent to move the car along the track as the rotor turns a brushless DC motor. Closed loop control is possible by increasing vehicle position sensor. Despite the elegance of linear motor, linear motion one more time using rotary one step ahead of the screw driving motor provided by law is less expensive and mundane.

Maglev traction motors High speed linear induction motor principle of Maglev (magnetic levitation) train in a magnetic field created by electromagnets are used to propel the boat train under trackbed. A separate set of magnets to guide Trackside Train Control to track the lateral position is relative.

Thus, three different tasks for maglev train uses electromagnetic forces, suspend, guide and train to go.

In many developed countries of the world Maglev trains have been using a kind of configuration. Examples of essential facilities described below. Propulsion Train on a ship's motor. Instead of creating a linear Electromagnets trackbed in a rotating field are excited in sequence. By transformer action, trackbed coils coils induced currents on the board in which a train is powerful electromagnets are excited. Between currents and Lorentz force on the ship Trackbed electromagnets magnets are driven by factors accompany region. Are very similar to the principles involved include motor, but is stable and moving parts interchanged. See picture below. For illustrative purposes track a squirrel cage induction motor rotor unrolled tried to be formed by the ladder can be used. In this case, but it is fixed and the sector is being supplied.

Is a train that includes induced currents in electromagnets motor stator poles are equal, but in this case magnets are free to move. In fact, the individual track sections with practical design trackbed placed in a series of coils are provided. Levitation Various schemes are lifting. Force between the train track and train electromagnets to hold up the used for propulsion in the ship can be created by electromagnets on the magnetic repulsion. Rain is flying direct current a battery that has magnets on board one induction generator driven by the trackbed coils currents in the coils get their power supplied by generators powered by the accused are.

Even if the magnet is moving very fast coils, this picture, as repulsive, but to reach a situation poles (poles will answer), the net effect is that an attractive south poles of a magnet repelling force shift away track. The only existing trackbed magnets because the installation of voltage windings, by which time balanced sector has moved into the magnet adjacent area where the building is a net repulsive force delay lags make it possible.

This effect only when all the high speed train magnets magnet trackbed running. The way to train the system to work and support is needed for train wheels as easy it is slow to stop when it accelerates and the need for the proposal. Alternatively levitation can be provided by separate windings. Train from lifting magnets to increase train and standing in different pairs of electromagnets on each side of the train running between guideways, instead of the trackbed.

This provides an attractive force on the train magnets magnets levitating train for strength combined with below creates a repulsive force. Navigation To guide each side of the train with magnetic train weak magnet uses a different set of fields is provided. They train in theory levitate magnets are used to track the lateral position is controlled relative is like.

Excitement that only a system of magnets Trackside training under such section is active. For the last section with the train track between the current speed as closed classes in the next section is currently pulling together on the train is off. Part of the track directly under the train active and avoid losses from the same time serves the double purpose, since the power is off track for the rest, against electric shock to anyone to track provides for protection and accidentally left near the conductor, leaving rubbish on the possibility of reducing the system avoids circuiting.

Thousands or more of the armature currents of very high amps and onboard magnets included in some design high temperature superconductors (HTS), liquid nitrogen or helium for use with a cold are resistant deficit. As might be expected in some sophisticated control system needs to keep everything on track.

Axial field motors The small flat area Motors Axial applications, the cake "construction" has been developed for the need. Printed circuit (PCB) or "pancake motor" With many unique features printed circuit motor coreless motor is an example of a one or ironless. Construction uses an axial magnetic field paint a small apartment building to achieve. Radial Motors is also possible PCB area. Construction Rotor windings, printed or stamped a thin, disk shaped fiber glass circuit board, the air gap between a pair of permanent magnets in the system welded on disk rotates around the circumference.

Disk's surface in a series of loops around the radial fan out windings. Alternatively magnets arranged north and south that the next couple of magnets in the air gap magnetic field are in opposite directions. Magnets in place for a compact "cake" to block full size magnetic circuits are held by two steel end caps. Current precious metal disk print areas through commutator brushes is fed up through the rotor windings.

Operating principle Conventional electric motors with rotor current length of the rotor with a radial magnetic field axially flowing or flow. In a typical printed circuit Motors building opposite. Magnetic field axial (machine is oriented along the axis) and back disc along the axis and radially flows resume. A tangential force of permanent magnet pole pairs on disk between the air gap through the magnetic field is created by the current passing. Does not cancel the effect of withdrawal so that the current outgoing current, magnet wire instead physically separated or outgoing wire width is displaced to one side. Thus in the opposite direction and thus the next magnet disk tangential force interacts with the magnetic field strength.

In many ways, a magnet used Faraday 1831disk or homopolar motor and brush was inspired by a Fed Unidirectional current center and circumference of the disc is like. Application Printed circuit motor and a compact light weight design is making it useful in limited space. As the rotor around a lump of iron, it is very low inertia and very fast speed to run can not draw. Because many areas of the commutator and windings low current capability, low power applications, PCB's motor is suitable for and is not suitable for continuous operation. The support systems and industrial control and motor vehicles such as electric window winders, however is ideal for applications.

Micro Motors (Small Power System - MEMS):

Electrostatic motor Shown below for an example of motor semiconductor manufacturing technology, construction is very small mechanical components. Across the 100 microns, or about the width of a human hair measures. In theory, as a reluctance motor, it depends on the electrostatic attraction, rather than magnetic attraction, stator and rotor between the poles. Because such small dimensions, very high electric field between the poles only a few volts with the motor can be made. Motor is not collected from individual components. Instead, components and masking and etching a mask - issued after less step process by making out on a semiconductor substrate etch sacrificial layers performance, structural layers is allowed to rotate and move. Micromachined micromotors monolithically CMOS circuits necessary drive, drive circuit for oscillators, frequency dividers and counters, and all the transistors on a silicon chip can be integrated together. Uses common defense / weapons applications, computer hard drives, optics, sensors and actuators are included.

Nano (Nano Power System - NEMS):

Motors, Nano (Nano Power System - NEMS) Electrostatic motor Even small motors are used for nanotechnology. An example is shown below. It includes a small gold rotor slab, about 100 nm square, thick mounted an operation on carbon nanotubes. Rotor outer tube, electrostatic electrodes are powered by an internal tube which serves as a support around the rotating shaft. Between the rotor plate and stators up to 5 kV By applying voltage pulses, position, speed and direction of rotation of the rotor can be controlled. About 500 across nanometers, 300 times smaller than a human hair's diameter measures. Made in an electric arc made from multiwalled nanotubes motor and a flat silicon wafer of silicon oxide was deposited on the surface. A rotor, nanotube with anchor and then selected against stators using electron beam lithography around the gold nanotubes were patterned. Silicon oxide surface of a third stator ago was buried under. Silicon sufficient clearance to rotate the rotor of the rotor was etched down to a trough. Possible applications are ongoing for liquid mirror for optical switches or paddles.